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Yıl:2012; Cilt: 49; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2012;49(3):212-217
Antidepresan Kullanımı Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu Riskini Arttırıyor mu?
C Çalıkuşu, S Küçükgöncü, E Beştepe
Bakırköy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Ruh Sağlığı ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi
Amaç: Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu (HBS) antidepresan (AD) kullanımıyla sıklıkla ilişkilendirilmektedir. Ancak bu ilişkiyi inceleyen araştırma sayısı sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı AD kullanımı ile HBS arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya depresyon ve anksiyete bozuklukları tanısı alan 247 hasta alındı. Katılımcılara sosyodemografik ve klinik özelliklerini değerlendirmek amacıyla yarı yapılandırılmış veri formu uygulandı. HBS'nin saptanması amacıyla bu formda Uluslararası HBS Çalışma Grubu tarafından önerilen asgari dört ölçüt soruldu. Her dörtsoruya olumlu yanıt veren hastalarla HBS ayırıcı tanısı amacıyla araştırmacılar tarafından görüşme yapıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan hastaların 41’inde (% 17,3) HBS tanısı konuldu. Bu hastaların 35’inde (tüm grubun %85,4’ü) HBS’nin AD kullanımı ile ortaya çıktığı ya da şiddetlendiği tespit edildi. HBS tanısı alan hastalarda en sık kullanılan AD türünün seçici serotonin geri alım inhibitörü (SSGİ) grubu olduğu, en sık kullanılan antidepresanların ise essitolopram, trazodon ve venlafaksin olduğu saptandı. Tüm grupta ve ayrı ayrı cinsiyetlerde yapılan değerlendirmelerde SSGİ, seçici noradrenalin geri alım inhibitörleri (SNGİ) veya trisiklik antidepresan (TSA) kullanımı HBS ile ilişkili bulunmazken, kadınlarda trazodon kullanımı ve trazodon ile kombine AD kullanımının HBS riskini anlamlı derecede arttırdığı bulundu.
Tartışma: Çalışmamızda özellikle SSGİ grubu AD kullananlarda HBS gelişiminin sık olduğu, ancak SSGİ, SNGİ ya da TSA kullanımının HBS gelişiminde anlamlı risk faktörleri olmadığı saptanmıştır. Kadın hastalarda trazodon kullanımının HBS riskini arttırdığı, özellikle bu risk artışının kombinasyon tedavisi ile ilişkili olduğu görülmüştür. Kombine tedavi kullanımında ilaç metabolizma değişiklikleri AD’lerin HBS gelişimine katkıda bulunuyor olabilir. Ayrıca gerek trazodonun gerekse de aktif metaboliti olan m-kloropiperazinin serotonin üzerine etkisi HBS riskinde artış ile ilişkili olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Klinisyenlerin özellikle uykusuzluk durumunda ek tedavi olarak trazodon tercih ettikleri durumlarda HBS riskinin artabileceği akılda tutulmalıdır.
Does Antidepressant Use Increases Risk of Restless Legs Syndrome?
Objective: Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is often associated with the use of anti- depressants. However there is limited number of research about this association. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between antidepressant (AD) use and Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS).
Methods: 247 patients diagnosed with depression and anxiety disorders were included in this study. A semi-structured data form was applied to all participants to assess socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. In this form, main four criteria proposed by International Study Group for RLS were used to determine RLS. For differential diagnosis of RLS, researchers interviewed patients who responded positively to all of the four questions.
Results: Among patients who are included in the study, 41 (17.3%) patients were diagnosed with RLS. In 35 of these patients (85.4% of the whole group), RLS is found to appear or increase with the use of antidepressants. In patients with the diagnosis of RLS, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) were the mostly used antidepressant group. Mostly used antidepressants were essitalopram, trazodone and venlafaxine. The evaluation made in the whole group and separately in the male and female groups revealed that use of SSRIs, selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) or tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) was not related with RLS. In females, use of trazodone and combined therapy of trazodone and ADs increased the risk of RLS significantly
Discussion: The results of our study suggested that occurrence of RLS is especially common in patients using SSRIs, but use of SSRIs, SNRIs or TCAs were not significant risk factors for the development of RLS. In female patients, use of traodone increased RLS risk, and increased risk was found to be especially associated with combination treatment. In the combination treatment, alterations in the drug metabolism may contribute to the development of RLS with ADs. Also the effect of trazodone and its active metabolite m-chloropiperazine on serotonin may be associated with the increased risk of RLS. An increase in RLS risk should be considered in occasions when clinicians prefer trazodone in combination treatment such as insomnia.

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