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Yıl:2013; Cilt: 50; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2013;50(1):9-14
Devinime İlişkin Kortikal Potansiyellerin Hafif Bilişsel Bozukluk ve Orta Evre Alzheimer Hastalığı’nı Değerlendirmede Nöropsikolojik Testler ileKorelasyonu
M Mutluer, F Güney, S İlhan
Karaman Devlet Hastanesi, Karaman
Amaç: Demansın en yaygın nedeni olan Alzheimer Hastalığı (AH) önemli bir toplum sorunu haline gelmiştir. AH, erken dönemde tanı konulduğunda seyrinin yavaşlatılabildiği, kesin tedavisi olmayan bir hastalıktır. Hafif bilişsel bozukluk (HBB) bellek ve diğer kognitif yetilerin etkilenebildiği normal yaşlanma ile demans arasındaki ara bölge olarak tanımlanan klinik tablodur. HBB yılda ortalama %15 oranında farklı türlerdeki demans sendromuna dönüşebilen aktif bir süreçtir. Günümüzde HBB ve AH’nın tanısında, klinik izleminde ve HBB’den AH’ye ilerleyen klinik süreçte elektrofizyolojik incelemelerin kullanımı yapısal ve fonksiyonel görüntüleme yöntemlerinin yanında sınırlı kalmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Devinime İlişkin Kortikal Potansiyellerin (DİP) yukarıda bahsedilen durumlarda kullanılabilecek elektrofizyolojik bir test olabileceğini göstermeyi amaçladık. Yöntem: Bu çalışmada Mini mental durum testi, Sözel bellek süreçleri testi, Saat çizme testi, Geriatrik depresyon ölçeği, Stroop testi, İşlevsel faaliyetler anketi, Benton yüz tanıma testi, Global yıkım ölçeğinden oluşan nöropsikoljik test bataryası kullanılarak NINCDS-ADRA ve DSM-IV tanı kriterlerine göre AH tanısı konulan 20 hastada ve Petersen kriterlerine göre HBB tanısı konulan 20 hastada DİP kayıtlaması yapılmıştır. Elde edilen potansiyellerin latans ve amplitüd değerleri, 25 normal kontrol olgusunun latans ve amplitüd değerleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular: AH, HBB ve kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında, DİP dalgası AH grubunda HBB grubuna göre, HBB grubunda da kontrol grubuna göre daha geç ortaya çıkmıştır. AH grubunda motor potansiyel (MP) amplitüdü HBB ve kontrol grubuna göre düşük saptanmıştır. Sonuç: DİP’in AH tanısında ve klinik izleminde kullanılabileceği gibi HBB’nin AH’ye ilerlemesini de gösterebilecek elektrofizyolojik test olarak kullanılabileceğini düşünüyoruz.
Correlation with Neuropsychological Tests and Movement Related Cortical Potentials in Assesing Mild Cognitiveİmpairment and Middle Stage Alzheimer’s Disease
Objective: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, has become an important public health issue. There is no definite cure for AD, however, early diagnosis can slow the course of the disease. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a clinical entity defined as the transition between dementia and normal aging in which memory and other cognitive abilities can be affected. MCI is an active process that can convert to different forms of dementia at a rate of approximately 15% per year. Currently, the use of electrophysiological techniques in diagnosing and clinical monitoring of MCI and AD, and during the clinical course of progression from MCI to AD, is limited as compared with structural and functional imaging techniques. In the current study, we aimed to demonstrate that the movement-related cortical potential (MRCP) test is an electrophysiological test that can be used in the above-mentioned conditions. Methods: In the current study, MRCPs were recorded in 20 patients diagnosed with AD according to the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria and, 20 patients diagnosed with MCI according to the Petersen criteria, by using a neuropsychological battery, including the mini-mental state examination, verbal memory processes test, clock-drawing test, geriatric depression scale, Stroop test, functional activities questionnaire, Benton facial recognition test, and the global deterioration scale. Latency and amplitude values of the MRCPs in patients were compared with latency and amplitude values of the MRCPs in 25 normal control cases. Results: Comparison of the AD, MCI and control groups revealed that MRCP wave occurred later in the MCI group than in the control group, and occurred later in the AD group than in the MCI group. Motor potential (MP) amplitude in the AD group was lower as compared with the MCI and control groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, the MRCP test can be used as an electrophysiological test in the diagnosis and monitoring of AD as well as in the monitoring of the clinical course of progression from MCI to AD. (

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