Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2014; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions; 2014;1(2):47-63
İstanbul Türkiye’de Buprenorfin/Nalokson İdame Tedavisinde Mevcut Durum
C Evren
Bakırköy Ruh Sağlığı ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul
Her ne kadar Türkiye’de opioid kötüye kullanım oranları Kuzey Amerika’dakinden ve Avrupa’dakinden daha düşük olsa da, opioid kötüye kullanımı Türkiye’de gittikçe artan bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Bunun nedeni hem eroin kullanımının hem de reçeteli opioid kullanımının artmasıdır. Opioid İdame Tedavisi (OİT) opioid bağımlılığı kaynaklı ölümlerin, HIV bulaşıcılığının, suçun ve diğer uyuşturucu kullanımının azaltılmasında etkilidir. Buprenorfin (BUP) idamesi opioid bağımlılığının tedavisinde etkili olmakla birlikte BUP’un kötüye kullanımı ve bağımlılığı ile ilgili sorunlar bu tedavinin kabul edilebilirliğini ve yaygınlığını sınırlayabilir. 2009’un sonuna kadar Türkiye’de en sık uygulanan tedavi seçeneği yoksunluk odaklı belirtilere yönelik tedaviydi. Metadon, tek başına buprenorfin veya buprenorphine ile nalokson (BN) kombinasyonu gibi agonist tedaviler mevcut değildi. Nisan 2010 itibarıyla BN Sağlık Bakanlığı tarafından opioid bağımlılığı tedavisi için detoksifikasyon veya idame amaçlı onaylanmıştır. Ancak BN reçetesinin yazılması madde bağımlılığı tedavisi için devlet onaylı özel bir kliniği olan hastanelerle sınırlandırılmıştır. 13 milyon nüfusu aşan İstanbul’da sadece 2 merkez BN idame tedavisi programı uygulamaktadır. 2010 yılının başında İstanbul Alkol Madde Araştırma Tedavi ve Eğitim Merkezi (AMATEM) yalnızca kliniğe yatırılan hastalara BN tedavisi uygulamaya başladı. AMATEM 2011 yılının başında kılavuz yayımlamış ve BN OİT’nin ayaktan tedavide kullanılabilir hâle getirerek uygulamayı genişletmiştir. Bu süre boyunca BN OİT uygulamasını de- ğerlendirmek için çalışmalar yürütülmüştür.
Current Status of Buprenorphine/Naloxone Maintenance Treatment in Istanbul Turkey
Although the rate of opioid abuse in Turkey is lower than that in North America and Europe, opioid abuse is an increasing public health problem in Turkey. This is because of both the use of heroin and the increasing number of individuals dependent on prescription opioids. Opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) for opioid dependence is effective in reducing mortality, HIV transmission, crime, and other drug use. Buprenorphine (BUP) maintenance is effective in treating opioid dependence, but problems with the misuse and diversion of BUP might limit its acceptability and dissemination. Abstinence oriented symptomatic treatment was the most commonly offered treatment option in Turkey until the end of 2009. Agonist treatments, including methadone, a single form of buprenorphine or a combined form of buprenorphine and naloxone (BN) were not available. Starting in April 2010, BN was approved for opioid dependence treatment as a detoxification or maintenance treatment by the Turkish Ministry of Health. However, the prescription of BN was restricted to hospitals that included a state-approved specialized clinic for the treatment of substance dependency. In Istanbul, with a population exceeding 13 million inhabitants, only 2 centers provide a BN maintenance treatment program. At the beginning of 2010, the Alcohol and Drug Research Treatment and Training Centre (AMATEM) in Istanbul started providing BN, but only to patients who were hospitalized. At the beginning of 2011, AMATEM published a guideline and extended the implementation of BN OMT to make it available on an outpatient basis. During this time, studies were conducted to evaluate BN OMT.

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