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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 26; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2015;26(1):48-55
Dünya Sağlık Örgütü-5 İyilik Hali Endeksi Geçerliği: bAnnenin İyilik Hali ve Bununla İlişkili Faktörlerin Değerlendirilmesi
F Mortazavi, SA Mousavi, R Chaman , A Khosravi
Sabzevar Tıp Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Sabzevar.
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Dünya Sağlık Örgütü-5 İyilik Hali Endeksi (DSÖ-5) geçerliğinin İranlı gebe kadınlardan oluşan örneklemde değerlendirilmesi, gebelikten doğum sonrası (postnatal) dönem sürecindeki değişikliklerin açığa kavuşturulması ve annenin iyilik hali ile ilişkili faktörlerin belirlenmesiydi. Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya İran Shahroud Tıbbi Bilimler Üniversitesi’ne bağlı sağlık merkezlerine 2011 yılı içerisinde başvuran 341 gebe kadın dahil edildi. Katılımcılar Genel Sağlık Anketi’ni (GHQ-28) ve DSÖ- 5’in Farsça sürümlerini gebeliğin son üç ayında ve doğum sonrasındaki 2 ay süresince tamamladılar. Bulgular: DSÖ-5 maddeleri için Cronbach alfa katsayısı 0,85 olarak değerlendirildi. DSÖ-5 ve GHQ-28 arasındaki korelasyon katsayısı -0,64 (p<0,001) idi. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi ile 3,15 değerine yakın bir özdeğeri (eigenvalue) olan bir faktör ortaya çıktı, bu da toplam değişkenliğin %63,1’ini açıkladı. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile tek faktör yapısı doğrulandı. ROC eğrisi altında kalan alan 0,82 olarak saptandı. DSÖ-5 içinde <50 puan kesme değeri, psikolojik belirtileri (GHQ puanı ?24) tanımlamada en iyi duyarlılık (0,84) ve özgüllüğü (0,59) gösterdi. DSÖ-5 puanları açısından gebeliğin son üç aylık dönemi (58,4 ± 22) ve doğum sonrası dönem ortalamalarında (64,1 ± 22,3) belirgin fark (P < 0,001) saptandı. Annenin eğitim seviyesi, gebeliğin son üç aylık dönemindeki iyilik halinin tek yordayıcısıydı (TRO = 1,130; 95% GA: 1,307- 1,232). Son üç aylık dönemde emzirme güçlüğü (TRO = 0,923; 95% GA: 0,882- 0,965) ve anne iyilik hali puanları (TRO = 1,038; 95% GA: 1,019- 1,058) doğum sonrasındaki dönemdeki iyilik halinin yordayıcılarıydı. Sonuç: DSÖ-5 Farsça versiyonunun gebe İranlı kadınlarda, psikolojik belirtilerin izleminde güvenilir ve geçerli bir araç olduğu gözlenmiştir. Mevcut bulgular doğum sonrasında anne iyilik halinin düzeldiğini göstermektedir.
Validation of the World Health Organization-5 Well-Being Index: Assessment of Maternal Well-Being and its Associated Factors
Objective: The aim of this study was to validate the World Health Organization-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5) in a sample of pregnant Iranian women, to explore the changes in maternal well-being from pregnancy to postpartum, and to determine the factors associated with maternal well-being. Materials and Methods: This study included 341 pregnant women that presented to healthcare centers affiliated with Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2011. The participants completed the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and Farsi version of WHO-5 during the third trimester of pregnancy and at 2 months postpartum. Results: Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for WHO-5 items was 0.85. The correlation coefficient between WHO-5 and GHQ-28 was –0.64 (P < 0.001). Exploratory factor analysis yielded 1 factor with an eigen value equal to 3.15, which explained 63.1% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the 1-factor structure. The area under ROC curve was 0.82. A WHO-5 cut-off score of <50 exhibited optimal sensitivity (0.84) and specificity (0.59) for identifying psychological symptoms (GHQ-28 score ?24). There was a significant difference between third trimester (58.4 ± 22) and postpartum (64.1 ± 22.3) mean WHO-5 scores (P < 0.001). Maternal level of education (OR = 1.130; 95% CI: 1.307, 1.232) was the only predictor of maternal well-being during third trimester. Breastfeeding difficulty (OR = 0.923; 95% CI: 0.882, 0.965) and maternal well-being scores during third trimester (OR = 1.038; 95% CI: 1.019, 1.058) were predictors of maternal well-being during the postpartum period. Conclusions: The Farsi version of WHO-5 was observed to be a reliable and valid instrument for screening psychological symptoms in pregnant Iranian women. The present findings show that maternal well-being improved following childbirth.

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