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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 2; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions; 2015;2(1):85-112
Türkiye’de Okullarda Alkol Kullanımı Konusunda Yapılan Araştırmalar Yeterli mi?
Z Ülger, C Acar, P Torun
Bezmiâlem Vakıf Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Halk sağlığı alanında yapılan araştırmaların alkol kontrol politikalarını yönlendirmek amacı taşımaları, bu alanla ilgili sorunları tanımlayarak dikkati gerekli noktalara çekmeleri ve çözüme ışık tutucu bilgiler sağlamaları önemlidir. Gençlerde alkollü içecek kullanımına başlamayı geciktirmenin sağlık ve sosyal gelişim üzerinde olumlu etkileri olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Çalışmamız alkol tüketimi ile ilgili 18 ve altı yaş grubunda yapılan araştırmalardan elde edilen bilgilerin, alkol kontrol politikalarını yönlendirme konusundaki yeterliliğini araştırmak ve böylece gelecekte yapılacak araştırmaları yönlendirmek amacındadır. Literatürde alkol tüketimini de içeren zararlı alışkanlıklarla ilgili pek çok kesitsel okul çalışmasının sonuçlarının rapor edildiğini tespit ettik. Bu kapsamda alkol kullanımının sorulduğu ve dâhil edilme kriterlerine uyan 28 bilimsel makale ve 1 raporu inceledik. Bu araştırmalarda yaşam boyu alkol kullanım sıklığı farklı yaş gruplarında %4,4 ila %65,0 arasında rapor edilmişti. Genç yaş grubunda alkol kullanımı konusunda yapılacak araştırma sonuçlarının karşılaştırılabilir olması coğrafi farklılıkların tespiti ve zaman içindeki değişimlerin izlenmesi açısından önemlidir. Alkole başlamayı, riskli kullanımı ve tüketimi sürdürmeyi etkileyen bireysel ve toplumsal faktörlerin derinlemesine araştırılması bu yaş grubu nüfus için uygun politikaların geliştirilmesine destek olacaktır.
School Surveys on Alcohol Use in Turkey: Are They Policy Oriented?
Public Health research should aim to influence policies, and therefore researchers should determine the issues and highlight the salient problems and possible solutions in their area of interest. It is suggested that delaying the onset of alcohol consumption among youth has a positive impact on health and social development. This study aims to review existing school surveys with regard to the availability of information which can influence policies, so as to guide future research. A wealth of cross-studies was found on harmful habits including alcohol use conducted among 18-year-old youths and under. Twenty-eight scientific articles and one report met the inclusion criteria and these were reviewed. A prevalence of lifetime drinking was found to range between 4.4% and 65.0%. This literature review emphasizes the importance of well-designed studies on alcohol consumption in this young age group. Temporal and spatial comparisons as well as individual and population level determinants of early-onset and harmful drinking should be explored in order to formulate effective policies for youths.

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