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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 52; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2015;52(2):207-209
Ketiapin ve Olanzapin Tedavisi Sırasında Ortaya Çıkan Meige Sendromu ve Tardif Blefarospazm
A Kılıç, E Erten, A Özdemir
İnegöl Devlet Hastanesi, Bursa
Tardif sendromlar içinde yer alan Meige sendromu, blefarospazm ile birlikte yüz, çene ya da boyunda oromandibular distoninin görüldüğü durumdur. Blefarospazm; antihistaminik, dopaminerjik, sempatomimetik ajanların kullanılması ya da dopamin antagonistlerinin uzun süre kullanımıyla oluşabilmektedir. Atipik antipsikotikler dopamin D-2 reseptörlerine daha düşük afinite ile bağlanmaları ya da serotonin 5-HT2a reseptörlerine olan güçlü antagonistik etkileri nedeniyle daha az ekstrapiramidal yan etki oluşturur ve tipik antipsikotiklere oranla daha az tardif diskineziye neden olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle literatürde; tardif diskinezi gelişen psikotik hastaların tedavisinde atipik antipsikotiklerin kullanımı önerilmektedir. Tardif diskinezinin ortaya çıkmasında en önemli risk etmenleri arasında kişinin daha önce ekstrapiramidal belirti göstermiş olması, diabetes mellitus, afektif bozukluklar, kadın cinsiyet, ileri yaş, uzun süreli ve yüksek dozda nöroleptik kullanımı yer almaktadır. Aşağıda; hastalık sürecinin farklı dönemlerinde tedaviye atipik antipsikotik eklenmesiyle, ketiapin kullanımına bağlı oromandibular distoni ve olanzapin kullanımına bağlı Meige sendromu gelişen bir duygudurum bozukluğu hastası sunulmuştur.
Tardive Blepharospasm and Meige Syndrome during Treatment with Quetiapine and Olanzapine
Meige syndrome, which has been presented in tardive syndromes, is a form of blepharospasm accompanied by oromandibular dystonia with manifestations over the face, jaw, and neck. A blepharospasm can be induced by antihistamines, dopaminomimetic or sympathomimetic drugs, or long-term exposure to dopamine antagonists. Atypical antipsychotics have less extrapyramidal side effects because of a weak dopamine D2 receptor binding affinity or a strong antagonistic effect to serotonin 5-HT2a receptor and have been known to cause less tardive dyskinesia than typical antipsychotics. Thus, in literature, atypical antipsychotics are recommended for the treatment of psychosis in cases of tardive dyskinesia. The potential risk factors associated with the development of tardive dyskinesia are extrapyramidal symptoms’ history, diabetes mellitus, affective disorder, female gender, older age, and long-term therapy with neuroleptics at higher dosages. As reported below, a patient with an affective disorder who had quetiapine-induced oromandibular dystonia and olanzapine-induced Meige syndrome after antipsychotic augmentation in different stages of the disease process was presented.

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