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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 55; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2018;55(2):105-112
Üstün Yetenekli Çocuklarda ve Ailelerinde Duygusal ve Davranışsal Özellikler
F Eren, AÖ Çete, S Avcil, B Baykara
Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi, Ankara
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, üstün yetenekli çocuklar (ÜYÇ) ve normal zekâya sahip çocukların yaşam kalitelerini, sosyal, emosyonel, davranışsal, ruhsal sorun alanlarını ve aile işlevselliklerini karşılaştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya 9–18 yaş aralığında 49 ÜYÇ ve 56 sağlıklı normal zekâya sahip çocuk katılmıştır. Tüm olgulara; Okul Çağı Çocukları İçin Duygulanım Bozuklukları ve Şizofreni Görüşme Çizelgesi - Şimdi ve Yaşam Boyu Versiyonu, Çocuklar İçin Depresyon Değerlendirme Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Tüm olgular; Çocuklar İçin Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği, Çocuklar İçin Depresyon Ölçeği, Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri, Güçler ve Güçlükler Anketi Ergen Formu doldurmuştur. Tüm ebeveynler; Aile Değerlendirme Ölçeği, Güçler ve Güçlükler Anketi Ebeveyn Formu, Çocuklar İçin Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği Ebeveyn Formu doldurmuştur. Bulgular: ÜYÇ; normal zekâya sahip çocuklara göre, kendilerinde, daha fazla dikkat eksikliği ve hareketlilik tanımlamış; sosyal işlevselliklerini daha düşük belirtmiş ve fiziksel sağlık durumlarını daha kötü algılamışlardır. Üstün yetenekli erkeklerin, üstün yetenekli kızlara göre daha fazla depresif belirtilere sahip oldukları saptanmıştır. Normal zekâya sahip erkek çocukların ebeveynleri, üstün yetenekli erkek çocukların ebeveynlerine göre, çocuklarında daha düşük okul işlevselliği belirtmişlerdir. Kızlarda, olgu ve karşılaştırma grubu arasında böyle bir farklılık belirlenmemiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada elde edilen tüm bulgular ÜYÇ’nin ruh sağlığı açısından risk altında olduklarını düşündürmektedir. Bu açıdan üstün zekâlı çocukların ileride, biyopsikososyal açıdan sağlıklı yetişkinler haline getirilebilmesi için, bu durumun erken yaşlarda belirlenebilmesi, uygun eğitim alabilmesi, duygusal ihtiyaçlarına rehberlik verilmesi, ebeveyn ve öğretmenlerin bilgilendirilmesi önem taşımaktadır
Emotional and Behavioral Characteristics of Gifted Children and Their Families
Introduction: To compare the quality of life, areas of social, emotional, behavioural and mental problems and family functionality of gifted children and children of normal intelligence. Methods: The study included 49 gifted children aged 9-18 years and 56 age and gender-matched healthy children of normal intelligence. The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL), and the Children’s Depression Rating Scale were applied to all the cases. The Quality of Life Scale for Children, the Depression Scale for Children, the Trait-State Anxiety Inventory, and the Strengths and Difficulties QuestionnaireAdolescent Form were completed by all the participants. All the parents completed the Family Evaluation Scale, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire- Parents Form and the Parents Form of the Quality of Life Scale for Children. Results: Compared to children of normal intelligence, gifted children described themselves as more inattentive and lively, social functionality was reported to be low and they had a worse perception of their physical health status. Gifted boys were determined to have more depressive symptoms than gifted girls. The parents of boys of normal intelligence reported lower academic performance than the parents of giftedboys. This difference was not determined for girls between the cases and comparative groups. Conclusion: All the findings obtained in this study suggest that gifted children are at risk in respect of mental health. Therefore, to be able to become healthy adults in a biopsychosocial aspect, it is important for the future of gifted children that this status can be identified at an early age, that they can receive appropriate education, that support and counselling are provided for emotional needs and that parents and teachers are fully informed.

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