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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 57; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2020;57(3):228-233
Dejeneratif Üst Motor Nöron Hastalıklarında Subklinik Alt Motor Nöron Etkilenmesinin Elektrofizyolojik Bulguları
HÖ Dede, NG Şirin, EK Orhan, HA İdrisoğlu, MB Baslo
İstanbul University, İstanbul
Amaç: Bu çalışma primer lateral skleroz (PLS) ve herediter spastik paraparezi (HSP) hastalarında olası subklinik alt motor nöron (AMN) etkilenmesini elektrofizyolojik olarak incelemektedir. Yöntem: Dokuz PLS ve beş HSP hastası EMG laboratuvarında incelendi. Jitter ölçümü konsantrik iğne elektrot ile (25 mm, 30 G) sağ ekstansor digitorum kasından istemli kası sırasında alt kesim frekans filtresi 1 kHz olacak şekilde yapıldı. Özürlülüğü değerlendirmek için “European Myelopathy Score” kullanıldı. Özürlülük skoru ve jitter değerleri arasındaki ilişki incelendi. Bulgular: HSP hastalarının hastalık süreleri daha uzundu (p<0,001). Ortalama jitter değerleri PLS ve HSP hastalarında sırasıyla 26,5±12,1 µs ve 30,8±34,8 µs idi. Bireysel yüksek jitter (>43 mikrosaniye) PLS ve HSP gruplarında sırasıyla 16/180 ve 9/100’idi. Anormal jitter sonuçları PLS ve HSP gruplarında 2/9 (%22) ve 3/5 (%60) olarak elde edildi (p<0,05). Blok gözlenen potansiyel sadece HSP grubunda (100 potansiyelden 7’si) saptandı EMS değeri, yüksek jitter ve blok gözlenen grupta anlamlı şekilde düşüktü. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda üst motor nöron (ÜMN) tutulumu olan hastalarda sinir-kas kavşak işlev kusurunun varlığı elektrofizyolojik olarak, konsantrik iğne ile yapılan jitter analiziyle gösterilmiştir. ÜMN tipi tutulum olan bu hastalarda uzun takip süreleri ardından saptanan bu bulgular, hastalığın AMN’lere yayılması veya transsinaptik dejenerasyon mekanizmasıyla açıklanabilir.
Electrophysiological Findings of Subclinical Lower Motor Neuron Involvement in Degenerative Upper Motor Neuron Diseases
Introduction: The present study is an examination of possible subclinical involvement of lower motor neuron (LMN) in patients with primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) and hereditary spastic paraparesis (HSP) electrophysiologically. Methods: Nine PLS patients and 5 HSP patients were prospectively analyzed. Jitter measurement with concentric needle electrode (25 mm, 30 G) (CN-jitter) recorded from right extensor digitorum muscle during voluntary contraction with 1 kHz high-pass frequency filter set. European Myelopathy Score (EMS) was used to evaluate disability. The relationship between disability score and jitter values was investigated. Results: HSP patients had suffered from the disease for longer period of time (p<0.001). Mean jitter values of patients with PLS and HSP were 26.5±12.1 µs and 30.8±34.8 µs, and the number of individual high jitters (>43 microseconds) observed in the PLS and HSP groups was 16/180 and 9/100, respectively without a significant intergroup difference. The ratio of patients with an abnormal jitter study were higher in HSP group (60%) compared to PLS (22%) (p<0.05). Potential pairs with blocking were present in HSP group (7 of 100 potential pairs) but not seen in PLS patients. EMS values were significantly lower in patients having potential pairs with high jitter and blocking compared to those without high jitter and blocking. Conclusion: The present study has demonstrated that early signs of LMN dysfunction can be detected electrophysiologically by CN-jitter in patients with UMN involvement. These electrophysiological findings in these patients with longer disease duration and lower clinical scores may be explained by spreading of the disease to LMNs or transsynaptic degeneration and its contribution in disease progression.

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