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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 58; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2021;58(2):137-145
Erken Dönem Müdahalelerin Erişkin Wistar Sıçanlarında Davranışsal veNörogelişimsel Etkileri
M Küçükkarapınar , A Dönmez , S Candansayar , A Bozkurt , E Akçay ,Ö Gülbahar , H Bolay Belen
Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara
Amaç: Yaşamın erken döneminde yapılan müdahaleler erişkin dönemde bilişsel ve davranışsal değişikliklerle ilişkilidir. Erken dönem stresli bir yaşam olayına maruziyet veya çevre zenginleştirme gibi müdahalelerin bilişsel ve davranışsal gelişimi üzerine etkisi, üzerinde çalışılan alanlardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı yeni bir müdahale yöntemi geliştirmek; erken dönem müdahalelerin, erişkin dönemde sosyal etkileşim, anksiyete düzeyleri, bellek üzerine ve prefrontal korteks ve hipokampüsteki NR2B (N-metil-D-aspartat reseptörü 2B alt ünitesi) düzeylerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır. Çalışmanın hipotezi, ambivalan anneye maruziyetin, en az anneden bir saat ayrı kalmak kadar sıçanların davranış performanslarını erişkin dönemde olumsuz etkileyeceği ve prefrontal korteks ve hipokampüste NR2B düzeylerinde de değişikliğe neden olacağıdır. Yöntem: Çalışmada Wistar sıçanlar kontrol grubu (12), anneden 15 dakika ayrı kalan grup (hafif stres) (12), anneden 60 dakika ayrı kalan grup (ağır stres) (14) ve ambivalan anne grubu (13) olmak üzere dört gruba ayrılmıştır. Erişkin dönemde sıçanların sosyal etkileşim testi, yükseltilmiş artı labirent ve yeni nesne tanıma testi performansları değerlendirilmiştir. Müdahelelerin prefrontal korteks ve hipokampus NR2B düzeyleri üzerine etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla, ELISA yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmanın önemli bulguları, yeni nesne tanıma testinde anneden ayırmanın cinsiyet ayırt etmeksizin tanıma belleğini etkilemediği, ambivalan anne grubu dişilerinin kısa tanıma belleği iyiyken, hafif stres grubu erkeklerinin uzun süreli bellek performansının daha iyi olduğuydu. Ayrıca sosyal etkileşim testinde ambivalan anne grubunun ve ağır stres grubunun erkeklerinin daha agresif davranışlar sergilemesiydi. Hafif stres ve ambivalan anne grubu prefrontal korteks NR2B düzeyinin ağır stres grubuna göre daha fazla olduğu, tüm müdahale gruplarında kontrol grubuna kıyasla NR2B düzeyinin artmış olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Bu çalışma sonuçları hipotezin aksine, ambivalan anne grubu sıçalanlarının davranışlarının, ağır stres grubu sıçanlarından daha fazla olumsuz etkilenmediğini, oluşturulan modelin erken dönem stresli yaşam olayı maruziyetinden çok, çevre zenginleştirme modeli olabileceğini desteklemektedir
Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental Effects of Early Interventions in Adult Wistar Rats
Introduction: Interventions performed in the early period of life are associated with cognitive and behavioral changes in adulthood. The effects of interventions such as exposure to an early stressful life event or environmental enrichment on cognitive and behavioral development are the areas studied. The aim of this study is to develop a new intervention method, to investigate the effects of early interventions on social interaction, memory anxiety levels and NR2B (N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B) levels in prefrontal and hippocampus in adulthood. The hypothesis of the study is that exposure to the ambivalent mother will affect the behavioral performance of rats at least as much as one hour apart from the mother in the adult period and cause changes in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in the NR2B levels. Method: In the study, the Wistar rats were divided into four groups as control group (12), group that remained 15 minutes apart from mother (Mild Stress) (12), group that remained 60 minutes apart from mother (Severe Stress) (14) and ambivalent mother group (13). In adulthood, the social interaction test, elevated plus maze and new object recognition test performances of rats were evaluated. ELISA method was used to evaluate the effect of interventions on the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus NR2B levels. Results: The important findings of the study were that in the new object recognition test, separation from the mother did not affect the recognition memory regardless of gender, while the short-term recognition memory of the females of the ambivalent mothers group was good and the long-term memory performance of the mild stress groups men was better. In addition, in the social interaction test, the males of the ambivalent group and the mild stress group showed more aggressive behavior. It was determined that the prefrontal cortex NR2B level was higher in mild stress and ambivalent mother group compared to the severe stress group, and NR2B level was increased in all intervention groups compared to the control group. Conclusion: In contrast to the hypothesis, the results of this study support that the of the ambivalent mothers group rats are not more adversely affected than the severe group rats, and that the model created may be an environmental enrichment model rather than an early stressful life event exposure.

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