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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 58; Sayı: Suppl 1>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2021;58(Suppl 1):77-82
Şizofreni ve İki Uçlu Bozukluğun Tedavisinde Ruhsal Toplumsal İyileştirim Çalışmaları
M Yıldız
Kocaeli Üniversitesi, Kocaeli
Şizofreni ve iki uçlu bozukluk erken yaşlarda başlayan, en uygun ilaç tedavilerine rağmen yüksek depreşme oranı ve işlevsel yıkımla giden süreğen hastalıklar olup ek ruhsal toplumsal tedavi ve iyileştirim çalışmalarına gereksinim duyar. Kanıta dayalı ruhsal tedavi ve iyileştirim girişimleri olarak bağlılık tedavisi, ruhsal eğitim, bilişsel davranışçı tedavi, kişilerarası ve toplumsal dizem tedavisi, bilişsel onarım, toplumsal beceri eğitimi, aile eğitimi, mesleki iyileştirim, olgu yönetimi, yerinde girişken tedavi, uğraş/sanat tedavisi ve akran desteği sayılabilir. Ruhsal toplumsal iyileştirim girişimlerinin etkinliği birçok çalışmada gösterilmiştir. Çalışmalar, genellikle ilaç tedavisine eklenen bu girişimlerin, belirtilerde azalmaya, depreşmelerin önlenmesine, hastane yatışlarının azalmasına, toplumsal işlevsellikte artmaya, işe yerleşim oranında artmaya, doyumlu bir yaşam kalitesinin sağlanmasına katkı sunduğunu göstermektedir. Bu gözden geçirme yazısında şizofreni ve iki uçlu bozukluk hastalarının tedavisinde yaygın olarak başarılı bir şekilde kullanılan ruhsal toplumsal iyileştirim girişimleri açıklanacaktır.
Psychosocial Rehabilitation Interventions in the Treatment of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are chronic conditions with the early onset, higher relapse rate, and functional impairment that often persist despite optimum pharmacotherapy, underscoring the need for adjunctive psychosocial treatments and rehabilitation interventions. Evidencebased psychosocial treatment and rehabilitation interventions for both illnesses are adherence therapy, psychoeducation, cognitive-behavioral therapy, interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, cognitive remediation, social skills training, family education, vocational rehabilitation, case management, assertive community treatment, occupational/art therapy, and peer support. The efficacy of these interventions has been shown in many studies. Trials generally reveal that symptom reductions, relapse preventions, reduced hospitalizations, increased social functioning, increased employment rate, and satisfactory quality of life for patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are possible by using these interventions adding to optimal pharmacotherapy. This review describes the psychosocial rehabilitation interventions that have been used successfully and extensively in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

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