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Yıl:2022; Cilt: 59; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2022;59(4):281-289
Donepezil Yüklü PLGA-b-PEG Nanopartiküller Beta-Amiloid Alzheimer Hastalığı Sıçan Modelinde Öğrenme ve Hafızayı Geliştirir
NS Tekintaş, Ö Yanartaş, FB Durmuş, K Sayar
Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi, Zonguldak
Amaç: Donepezil-yüklü poli (laktik-ko-glikolik asit)-blok-poli (etilen glikol) nanopartikül formülasyonu hazırlanarak, donepezili direkt amiloid beta (Aβ) fibrillerine hedefleyip, periferik yan etkileri azaltmak, etkililiği artırmak ve Alzheimer hastalığı (AH) fibril modelinde davranışa etkilerini değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: Önceden inkübe edilmiş Aβ25–35 fibrilleri intraserebroventriküler olarak beyine injekte edilerek AH modeli oluşturuldu. Sıçanlara, naif kontroller hariç, intravenöz (iv) olarak çözücü, donepezil yüklü nanopartikül (NP) (15 μg/kg) veya serbest donepezil (1 mg/kg) bir hafta boyunca üç defa iv olarak enjekte edildi. Tedavinin anksiyete, motor fonksiyon ve bilişsel fonksiyon üzerindeki etkileri sırasıyla yükseltilmiş artı labirenti, lokomotor aktivite, yeni nesne tanıma ve Morris su labirenti testleri ile değerlendirildi. Davranış deneyleri sonrasında beyin homojenatında asetilkolinesteraz aktivitesi tayin edildi. Bulgular: Beyin kesitlerinde Aβ25–35 fibril birikimi teyit edildi. Aβ Alzheimer ve serbest donepezil tedavi gruplarında anksiyete benzeri davranış gözlenirken, donepezil NP tedavi grubunda düşük anksiyete benzeri davranış gözlendi. Kısa-dönem bellek bozukluğunda donepezil NP tedavisi, serbest donepezil tedavisine göre daha çok başarı gösterdi. Morris su labirentinde, gizli platformu hem donepezil NP hem de serbest donepezil grupları, Aβ Alzheimer grubuna göre daha kısa sürede buldular. Lokomotor aktivite testinde, hem donepezil NP hem de serbest donepezil grupları, Aβ Alzheimer ve kontrollere göre daha az hareket ettiler. Davranış deneylerinden sonra, asetilkolinesteraz aktivitesi beyin homojenatında tayin edildiğinde Aβ Alzheimer grubunda kontrollere göre artış tespit edildi. Donepezil yüklü NP tedavisinin, serbest donepezil tedavisine göre asetilkolinesteraz aktivitesini daha güçlü inhibe ettiği saptandı. Sonuç: Donepezil yüklü NP ile beyine hedefleme etki süresini uzatarak ve amiloid fibrilleri stabilize edici etkililiği arttırarak, asetilkolinesteraz aktivitesini daha güçlü inhibe etmeye yardımcı olmakta, bilişsel fonksiyonların düzelmesine daha fazla katkı sağlamaktadır.
Donepezil-loaded PLGA-b-PEG Nanoparticles Enhance the Learning and Memory Functionof Beta-Amyloid Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Introduction: Our aim is to reduce the side effects and increase the efficiency of donepezil by formulating donepezil-loaded poly(lactic-coglycolic acid)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) nanoparticles (NPs) directly targeting amyloid beta (Aß) fibrils in the brain and evaluate behavioral changes in this fibril model of AD. Methods: AD model was developed by intracerebroventricular injection of pre-aggregated ß25-35 fibrils. Rats were intravenously administered either solvent, donepezil-loaded NPs (15µg/kg) or free donepezil (1mg/ kg) 3 times for a week except for naïve controls. The effect of treatments on anxiety, motor functions, and cognitive functions was tested by elevated plus maze, locomotor activity, novel object recognition, and Morris’s water maze tests, respectively. Results: Accumulation of Aß25-35 fibrils in brain sections was confirmed. Anxiety-like behavior was observed in the Aß Alzheimer and free donepezil treatment groups while donepezil-loaded NP treatment showed hypo-anxiety-like behavior. Donepezil-loaded NPs were successful in treatment of short-term memory deficit better than free donepezil injection. In Morris’s water maze, both donepezil-loaded NPs and free donepezil groups found the platform in shorter time compared to Aß Alzheimer group. In locomotor activity test, both donepezil treated groups moved less than the Aß Alzheimer group and naïve controls. After the pharmacological experiments, acetylcholinesterase activity was determined and showed an increase in Aß Alzheimer group compared to controls. Donepezil-loaded NPs inhibited the acetylcholinesterase activity more efficiently than the free donepezil group. Conclusion: Targeting with donepezil-loaded PLGA-b-PEG-NPs increases efficiency, helps to inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity more substantially, improves cognitive decline due to its longer duration of action and destabilizing effect on amyloid fibrils.

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