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Yıl:2006; Cilt: 16; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni; 2006;16(1):42-46
Valproata Ek Olarak Düşük Doz Olanzapin Kullanımına Bağlı Şiddetli Ekstrapiramidal Bulgular: Bir Olgu
D Dankı, N Dilbaz, İT Okay
Ankara Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, 2. Psikiyatri Kliniği Ankara
Olanzapinin diğer atipik antipsikotiklerle ekstrapiramidal sistem (EPS)
yan etkileri açısından karşılaştırıldığı birçok çalışmada bu ajanın risperidondan
daha az, klozapinle eş değer düzeyde EPS belirtileri oluşturduğu bildirilmiştir. Olanzapinle ortaya çıkan az sayıda akatizi, distoni
ve tardiv diskinezi belirtileri bildirilmiştir. Psikotik tablolarla seyreden
durumlarda kullanılan antipsikotiklerin EPS yan etkilerine sebep
oldukları bilinmektedir. EPS belirtileri için risk faktörleri arasında antipsikotiğin etki gücü, dozu, başlama zamanı, hastaya ait faktörler (yaş, cinsiyet), daha önceki EPS hikayesi ve duygudurum belirtilerinin bulunması
yer almaktadır. Bu olgu sunumu ile mental retardasyon, genç
yaş ve afektif semptomların EPS belirtileri açısından risk faktörleri olduğuna ve bu hastalarda olanzapinin çok düşük dozlarında bile şiddetli
EPS semptomları oluşabileceğine dikkat çekmek amaçlanmıştır.
Olgumuz davranım bozukluğu tanısı ile valproik asit 1000 mg/gün
kullanan, sınırda mental retardasyonu olan ve uykusuzluğu ve davranım bozukluğu semptomlarını düzeltmede faydalı olabileceği sebebiyle
5 mg/gün olanzapin başlanan, kısa bir süre sonra şiddetli EPS
belirtileri geliştiren adölesan bir bayan hastadır. Olanzapin kesilmesi
ve biperiden-propranolol başlanması ile birlikte semptomlarda günler
içinde belirgin bir düzelme gözlenmiştir.
EPS belirtilerinin tedavisinde öncelikle mevcut antipsikotik tedavisi
azaltılıp ya da kesilip, klinik durumuna göre antikolinerjik, ß bloker, E
vitamini başlanmalı, antipsikotik ilaç olarak da klozapin gibi EPS yan
etkisi az olan başka bir antipsikotik ilaca geçilmelidir. Olanzapinin EPS
belirtilerini düzelttiğine yönelik çalışmalar da mevcuttur.
Severe extrapyramidal symptoms due to valproate plus low dose olanzapine: A case report
In many studies comparing extrapyramidal system (EPS) side effects
due to olanzapine and other atypical antipsychotics, it has been
shown that olanzapine induces these effects less than risperidone
and comparable to clozapine. There are a few cases reported on
olanzapine-induced akathisia, dystonia and tardive dyskinesia.
By presenting this case report, we aimed to emphasize that mental
retardation, young age and affective symptoms are risk factors for EPS
symptoms and that these patients can develop EPS symptoms despite
the utilization of very low doses of olanzapine.
The case presented here is a 17- [year] old, female mentaly retarded
patient with behavioral disturbance using valproic acid 1000 mg/ day.
Olanzapine 5 mg/ day was added to this treatment regimen due to
insomnia and probability of improving behavioral disturbance
symptoms; shortly after its addition she developed severe EPS
symptoms. After discontuniation of olanzapine and starting
propranolol and biperiden treatment, her symptoms showed a
significant reduction which was eveluated by the Simpson Angus
Extrapyramidal Side Effects Scale, Barnes Akathisia Scale and Brief
Psychiatric Rating Scale.
Treatment of EPS side effects include reducing or discontinuing the
antipsychotic medication,using anticholinergic agents, ß blokers,
vitamin E and initiating another antipsychotic drug with less
propensity for EPS. There are also reported cases about olanzapine to
reduce EPS symptoms.

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