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Yıl:2010; Cilt: 47; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2010;47(1):4-8
Majör Depresif Bozuklukta Kalıntı Belirtiler ve Bellek İşlevlerinin Depreşme Üzerine Etkisi: Kontrollü Bir İzlem Çalışması
PÇ Aydın, Ş Gülseren, H Mandacı
Atatürk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Psikiyatri Kliniği, İzmir, Türkiye
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Major Depresif Bozukluk (MDB) tanılı hastalarda bellek işlevlerini kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırarak değerlendirmek, bellek işlevlerinin izlemde gidişini izlemek ve kalıntı belirtilerin depreşme ile ilişkisini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntemler: Çalışma, İzmir Atatürk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Psikiyatri Polikliniği'ne başvuran SCID (DSM IV)'e göre MDB tanısı konan 48 hasta ve 31 sağlıklı kontrol grubu ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın başlangıcında hasta gruba Hamilton Depresyon Derecelendirme Ölçeği (HAM-D), Hamilton Anksiyete Derecelendirme Ölçeği (HAM-A), UKU Yan Etki Ölçeği uygulanmış, Wechsler Bellek Skalası (WBS), Sözel Bellek Süreçleri Testi (SBST) ile bellekleri değerlendirilmiştir. Daha sonra eşdeğer doz antidepresan ilaç tedavisi uygulanmış, hastalar izlem değerlendirmelerinde 6 haftalık aralıklarla 1 yıl boyunca aynı ölçeklerle değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular: Hasta grubunun SBST'nin kritere ulaşma alt ölçeği puanları kontrol grubuna göre daha düşük bulunmuştur. Tedaviye yanıt elde edildiği sırada uygulanan WBS'nin 3 alt ölçeğinde tedavi öncesi değerlere göre anlamlı düzeyde artma saptanmıştır. Düzelme gösteren hastaların 6?sında izlemde depreşme görülmüştür. Depreşme olan ve olmayan iki grupta bellek işlevleri bakımından anlamlı farklılık saptanmamıştır. En sık görülen kalıntı belirtiler, sıklık sırasına göre ?somatik anksiyete?, ?genital semptomlar? 'de presif ruhsal durum? ve ?gece başlangıcında uykusuzluk'tur. Kalıntı belirti olarak genital belirtileri olan hastaların olmayanlara göre izlemde depreşme riskinin daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç: Tedaviye yanıt döneminde bazı bellek işlevlerindeki düzelme, depresyonun düzelmesi ile ilişkili olabilir, ancak çalışmamızda bu ilişki açıklık kazanmamıştır. Bellek ve kalıntı belirtilerle depreşme arasındaki ilişki konusunda çalışmamızda elde edilen sonuçlar, özellikle depreşme görülen grubun sayısı göz önüne alınarak yorumlanmalıdır.
The Effects of Residual Symptoms and Memory Functions on Relapse in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Controlled Follow-up Study
Objective: This study aims to investigate the memory functions in patients with major depressive disorder by comparing them with control group, to evaluate the course of memory functions during follow-up period and the relationship between relapse and residual symptoms.

Methods: The study included forty-eight patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) according to SCID-I criteria, who presented to Izmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital Outpatient Clinic and thirty-one healthy control subjects. Socio-demographic data form, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), UKU side-effect rating scale were administered. The cognitive functions were assessed using Verbal Memory Processes Scale (VMPS) and Wecshler Memory Scale (WMS). Antidepressant treatment was introduced at equivalent dose; patients were evaluated at six-week intervals for one [year] using the instruments.

Results: At the initial evaluation of VMPS, ?access criteria? sub-scale score was lower in the patient group compared to the control group. A significant increase was observed in the scores of the three subscales of the WMS, administered during the period of treatment response, compared to the scores before treatment. Relapse was confirmed in six patients who achieved remission during the follow-up period. No significant difference was detected between the relapse and non-relapse groups with respect to memory functions. The most observed residual symptoms were 's omatic anxiety?, ?genital symptoms?, ?depressive mood? and 's leep-onset insomnia?, respectively. Relapse risk was higher in patients with sexual symptom compared to the patients without sexual symptom.

Conclusion: Improvement in the memory functions during treatment response period may be related to the improvement of depression, but this relationship could not be clarified in our study. The results obtained from this study, which investigated the relationship between memory functions, residual symptoms and relapse, should be interpreted considering the number of subjects in the relapse group.

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